Burma: UN warning as death toll soars in Rakhine state
The UN has warned that Burma's reform programme could be put at risk by continued communal violence in the western state of Rakhine.
An official said 64 people had been killed in violence this week between local Buddhists and Muslim Rohingyas - revising down figures he gave earlier. Thousands of homes have been destroyed as clashes spread across the state.
This is the first serious outburst of violence since June, when a state of emergency was declared in Rakhine.
At that time deadly clashes claimed dozens of lives and thousands of people were forced to flee their homes - many are yet to return.
A local journalist told BBC Burmese the current situation was unclear and that the death toll may yet rise again as reports of killings come in from remote areas of the state.
Volatile atmosphere
The BBC's Jonathan Head in Bangkok says that the statement by the UN is the strongest yet on the unrest which has gripped the state since June.
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Then the clashes were caused by a specific incident that unleashed a chain of violence. This time underlying resentment has come to the surface and communities have simply turned on each other. Vigilante violence has been followed by reprisal attacks. Former neighbours have become enemies, making the prospect of reconciliation more difficult.
There is fear on both sides - Rakhine Buddhists and Muslims who are believed to be mainly Rohingya.
The current security set-up means people feel safe when inside their own villages right now, but they don't know how much longer this can last. Residents described how they feared for their livelihood as they are unable to leave their villages to work their land or run their businesses.
Analysis
Witnesses and journalists BBC Burmese spoke to say this latest spate of violence has been more intense and deadly than the outbreak in June.Then the clashes were caused by a specific incident that unleashed a chain of violence. This time underlying resentment has come to the surface and communities have simply turned on each other. Vigilante violence has been followed by reprisal attacks. Former neighbours have become enemies, making the prospect of reconciliation more difficult.
There is fear on both sides - Rakhine Buddhists and Muslims who are believed to be mainly Rohingya.
The current security set-up means people feel safe when inside their own villages right now, but they don't know how much longer this can last. Residents described how they feared for their livelihood as they are unable to leave their villages to work their land or run their businesses.
It warns the government that all its impressive progress on reforming Burma's authoritarian political structures could be undone by the damage caused to the country's social fabric if the unrest cannot be stopped, our correspondent says.
"The vigilante attacks, targeted threats and extremist rhetoric must be stopped. If this is not done... the reform and opening up process being currently pursued by the government is likely to be jeopardised," the statement from Secretary General Ban Ki-moon's office said. But the atmosphere across the state remain volatile, witnesses say, with groups of Rakhine Buddhists and Muslims launching vigilante-style attacks against one another.
On Friday six towns were hit by clashes and a night-time curfew is in place in several locations including Min Bya and Mrauk Oo where the latest spate of violence began.
It is unclear what prompted the latest clashes. The Rakhine Buddhists and Muslims, believed to be mainly Rohingya, blame each other for the violence.
In Bangladesh, border officials said they believed several boats with Rohingyas on board were waiting to try to cross the river from Burma. One official said 52 Rohingyas had been sent back in the last few days.
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The rape and murder of a young Buddhist woman in Rakhine in May set off a chain of deadly religious clashes.
Why was a state of emergency declared?
A state of emergency allows the introduction of martial law, which means the military can take over administrative control of the region.
Who are the Rohingyas?
The United Nations describes Rohingya as a persecuted religious and linguistic minority from western Burma. The Burmese government, on the other hand, says they are relatively recent migrants from the Indian sub-continent. Neighbouring Bangladesh already hosts several hundred thousand refugees from Burma and says it cannot take any more.
June violence Background: Burma unrest
What sparked the violence in June?The rape and murder of a young Buddhist woman in Rakhine in May set off a chain of deadly religious clashes.
Why was a state of emergency declared?
A state of emergency allows the introduction of martial law, which means the military can take over administrative control of the region.
Who are the Rohingyas?
The United Nations describes Rohingya as a persecuted religious and linguistic minority from western Burma. The Burmese government, on the other hand, says they are relatively recent migrants from the Indian sub-continent. Neighbouring Bangladesh already hosts several hundred thousand refugees from Burma and says it cannot take any more.
It was the rape and murder of a Buddhist woman by three Muslims in May that set off the initial unrest.
A mob later killed 10 Muslims in retaliation, although they were unconnected with the earlier incident, and the violence escalated after that. In June, about 90 people were killed as clashes spread across the state.
The houses of both Buddhists and Muslims were burnt down and thousands of people fled. Muslims throughout Burma have abandoned plans to celebrate the festival of Eid al-Adha because of the violence.
There is long-standing tension between the ethnic Rakhine people, who make up the majority of the state's population, and Muslims, many of whom are Rohingya and are stateless. The Burmese authorities regard the Rohingya as illegal immigrants and correspondents say there is widespread public hostility to them.
In August Burma set up a commission to investigate the violence between Buddhists and Muslims in the west of the country. Authorities earlier rejected a UN-led inquiry.
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